We investigated seventeen-year trends of SBS diagnosis codes among young children hospitalized for abuse. All abuse types were more frequent among infants, males, children from low-income homes, and urban teaching hospitals. Confirmed SBS diagnosis codes have declined since 2002, while possible SBS diagnosis codes have increased. The rate of confirmed SBS diagnosis codes increased from 3.8 (± 0.3) in 1998 to 5.1 (± 0.9) in 2005, and decreased to 1.3 (± 0.2) in 2014. The rate (per 100,000 census population of children age 3 and younger) of confirmed and possible SBS diagnosis codes was 5.4 (± 0.3) between 19, whereas the rate of non-SBS abuse was 19.6 (± 1.0). A baseline category logit model was used based on a quasi-likelihood approach (QIC) with an independent working correlation structure. We examined possible SBS, confirmed SBS, and non-SBS abuse diagnosis codes among children age three and younger who were hospitalized for abuse between 19 using a secondary analysis of the National Inpatient Sample, the largest US all-payer inpatient care database ( N = 66,854). To investigate national trends of SBS diagnosis codes and how trends varied among patient and hospital characteristics.
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